| Explosive | Substances which may explode in ignited, heated or under a shock or friction | • keep away from heat and naked flames • avoid shock or friction | | --- | --- | --- | | Oxidizing | Substances which give out a lot of heat when reaction with other materials. It cause a fire risk | • keep away from heat and naked flames • if concentrated acid is split into eyes or on skin, wash the affected area with plenty of water | | Flammable | Substances may easily catch a fire under normal conditions | • keep away from heat and naked flames • stored in well ventilated place | | Corrosive | Substances which may destroy living tissue upon contact | • wear a laboratory coat, safety goggles and protective gloved • perform the experiment in a fume cupboard • avoid contact with eyes, skin; if split into eyes or on skin, wash the affected area with plenty of water | | Irritant | Non-corrosive substances which may cause reddening of inflammation of skin | • avoid contact with eyes, skin; if split into eyes or on skin, wash the affected area with plenty of water | | Toxic | Substances that may cause serious health fish or even death if breathed in, swallowed or absorbed through skin | • wear a laboratory coat, safety goggles and protective gloved • perform the experiment in a fume cupboard • avoid contact with eyes, skin; if split into eyes or on skin, wash the affected area with plenty of water | | Harmful | Substances which may cause less serious health risk | • avoid breathing in vapours/ particles • if split into eyes or on skin, wash the affected area with plenty of water • laboratory should be well ventilated | | Carcinogenic | Substances which may cause cancers | • wear a laboratory coat, safety goggles and protective gloves • perform the experiment in the fume cupboard • avoid breathing in their vapours/ particles |